AMALAN PENGURUSAN-PERNIAGAAN ISLAMIK - NIK ZAFRI/MOHD SUKRI YAHYA

Baru-baru ini ada permintaan dari beberapa penerbit di Malaysia yang telah menghubungi saya setelah melihat manuskrip yang pertama dan telah menyuarakan hasrat meminta saya menulis buku yang telah lama saya pendam pengeluarannya iaitu mengenai amalan pengurusan dan perniagaan Islam terbaik (best Islamic Management and Business Services) pada zaman (khalaf) ini. 

Walaupun telah banyak bahan yang dipaparkan mengenai topik yang sama, namun terdapat perbezaan ketara dalam apa yang bakal saya keluarkan nanti.Buku atau panduan ini dijangka akan menjadi petunjuk alternatif yang juga dapat diharmonikan dengan semua standard/piawaian halal dan pengurusan Islam termasuk perbankan Islam di Malaysia.

Berikut adalah petikan dari muka hadapan buku berkenaan yang ditulis bersama oleh Encik Md Sukri :

DARI MEJA PENGARANG

Alhamdulillah, setelah menjalankan kajian lebih dua dekad, akhirnya terhasil juga buku ini sebagai salah satu wadah perjuangan kami untuk mencapai hasrat menjana ekonomi ummah pada zaman khalaf.

Kini umat Melayu Islam sedunia hari ini masih mencari-cari satu kaedah pengurusan dan perniagaan Islamik untuk disesuaikan pada zaman khalaf.

Penggunaan perkataan "Islamik" menggambarkan bahawa isi kandungan ciri-ciri ini telah diterapkan dengan nilai-nilai Islam.

Ini berlaku kerana terlalu banyak input dari pelbagai kajian Islamik yang perlu diproses namun, untuk menganalisa data-data yang banyak ini bagi tujuan mengaturnya kembali bagi memudahkan kefahaman bukanlah semudah yang disangkakan.

Pesanan kami kepada pembaca terutamanya mereka dari kalangan professional dan kakitangan pelbagai industri termasuk perkhidmatan awam; dalam membaca buku ini; tentunya tuan/puan akan terlihat unsur-unsur yang mirip kepada piawaian ISO 9000 dan lain-lain piawaian antarabangsa.

Walaupun demikian, untuk pengetahuan pembaca :

a. Pendekatan buku ini akan mengikut proses perniagaan (di mana poin perniagaan biasanya bermula secara tipikal) dan boleh terus disesuaikan dengan apa juga jenis organisasi.

Sidang pengarang juga telah memberikan contoh-contoh dan istilah-istilah yang mudah difahami dalam setiap ciri-ciri yang dipaparkan,

Manakala piawaian ISO pendekatannya berbentuk elemen yang sekurang-kurangnya perlu diatur kembali mengikut kesesuaian proses/operasi dan tiada contoh-contoh konkrit diberikan.

b. Buku ini bukan bertujuan untuk mencapai sebarang persijilan seperti ISO ianya hanyalah panduan yang mengandungi ciri-ciri Islamik – ianya boleh disesuaikan kepada apa juga bentuk organisasi malah boleh dijadikan prinsip secara individu,

c. Walaubagaimanapun, rujuksilang tetap dilakukan kepada dokumentasi ISO, pelbagai piawaian halal dan pengurusan Islam yang lain untuk memudahkan kefahaman,

d. Buku ini tidak akan menjadi satu tindanan (overlapping) kepada mana-mana piawaian ISO, ianya hanyalah satu pilihan kepada pembaca dan pengamal pengurusan perniagaan Islam.

Tetapi sekiranya ada pihak yang berminat untuk meningkatkan taraf buku ini kepada piawaian, sidang pengarang sentiasa bersedia untuk berbincang secara lanjut.

Adalah diharapkan buku ini akan mendapat keredhaan dan rahmat Allah SWT supaya isi kandungannya dapat dilaksanakan paling hampir dengan kehendak syarak di zaman penuh mencabar ini.

Juga nawaitu kami ialah untuk mengkayakan lagi khazanah keilmuan Islamik dan dapat diharmonikan dengan sistem yang sediada seperti perbankan dan kewangan Islam, sistem perakaunan/pengauditan berorientasikan Islam, pelaburan Islam, piawaian halal, piawaian pengurusan Islam yang lain dan sebagainya.

Setelah buku ini dicetak, sidang pengarang dijangka; InsyaAllah; akan mengadakan siri-siri bengkel dan latihan serta perundingan dengan kerjasama agensi-agensi yang berkaitan. InsyaAllah, buku ini bukanlah buku yang terakhir bagi kami, akan ada lagi siri-siri komplimentari (siri-siri mini) yang akan dikeluarkan dalam tempoh yang terdekat.

Wassalam

SIDANG PENGARANG

NIK ZAFRI BIN ABDUL MAJID

MUHAMMAD SUKRI BIN YAHYA

Antara kandungan buku (ciri-ciri utama) ini ialah :

1.0 PEMASARAN- R & D, Tinjauan Pemasaran, Periklanan dan Promosi  berkonsepkan ta'sir, qimah, tanpa unsur ihtikar dan gharar serta mengambilkira :

i) MS 1500:2009 (M), Makanan halal -Pengeluaran, penyediaan, pengendalian dan penyimpanan -Garis panduan umum (Semakan kedua)

ii). MS 2200:Part 1:2008, Islamic Consumer Goods -Part1: Cosmetic and Personal Care -General Guidelines

iii). MS 2400-1:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for transportation of goods and/or cargo chain services

iv). MS 2400-2:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for warehousing and related activities

v). MS 2400-3:2010, Halalan-Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline -Management system requirements for retailing

vi). Piawaian dan Panduan bersabit dengan GMP dan HACCP di mana berkaitan

vii) MS1900:2005 Quality Management System - Requirement From Islamic Perspectives

Jenis-jenis produk/industri spt. dharuriyah, hajiyah dan tahsiniah.

2.0 PEMBELIAN DAN PENGURUSAN HARTA - yang memaparkan konsep at-thaman, rundingan, sewaan, spesifikasi, jumlah/mutu, sampel, perlantikan pembekal, sistem kawalan kredit bai-muajjal, qa/qc, pengurusan harta alih & tidak alih, rekod, jaminan bank dari bank/kewangan Islamik, atau Bon (sukuk) dsb.

Ianya juga mengambilkira kesesuaian organisasi menggunakan - PO/Kontrak berdasarkan musamma, al-bay (barter trade/kontra), ijarah, jualan, kafalah, qard (kolateral, wang tahanan dsb) - qimi, hibah, wasiyyah/hawalah, iqalah, wadiah, muzaraah, rahn, suftajah (cek kembara), muatah (spt. memakai vending machine), umra/iarah, amanah, thunya, Tawliah, Wadhiah, Isyrak dan Murabahah dan al-inah

3.0 PERANCANGAN - yang memaparkan sumber dan prasarana, tanggungjawab pengurusan, perlantikan wakil syariah atau panel syariah, perancangan/pengurusan sumber manusia, dokumentasi dan rekod.Ianya juga mengambilkira - takhtit, tanzin dan KPI/KRA/MBO

(Dalam ciri-ciri Sumber dan Prasarana ada menyentuh mengenai kepentingan sistem perakaunan mengikut : 

'Pernyataan Prinsip Sistem Perakaunan Islam' keluaran Lembaga Piawaian Perakaunan Malaysia (MASB. Selain itu kepentingan terdapatnya 'musolla'  dalam sesebuah organisasi yang ingin mengamalkan panduan ini)

4.0 OPERASI - yang memaparkan perkara-perkara am, kemudahkesanan, penstoran, aturan barangan, kawalan peralatan ukuran, penilaian -pemeriksaan/penilaian berkala, pengredan 'patuh syariah', tatacara nilaian, ketidakpatuhan - azimah & rukhsah, penilaian susulan, penyediaan senarai ketidakpatuhan.

Konsep Penilaian adalah berdasarkan Wiqayah :

I. tandaras kejayaan – asas pencapaian matlamat organisasi

II. penjamin kelicinan operasi – tandaras ukuran dan penentuan kelicinan operasi di samping berorientasikan motivasi ke arah kejayaan.

III. Proaktif – mewujudkan dan menjangka langkah-langkah pencegahan masalah berdasarkan pengalaman, kemahiran, syor yang bernas dan lain-lain.

IV. menjalankan penilaian tanpa tujuan untuk mencari kesalahan sebaliknya sama-sama untuk mencari langkah-langkah penambahbaikan dan dijalankan dalam bentuk tidak menjatuhkan maruah seseorang.

5.0 PENAMBAHBAIKAN - yang memaparkan mesyuarat semakan semula

6.0 PELANGGAN

Buku dan panduan ini juga akan memaparkan contoh model pengurusan Islamik dengan contoh cartalir.

NANTIKANLAH KEDATANGANNYA!!

MISCONCEPTION AND THE TRUTH ABOUT ISLAMIC BANKING

Source :




Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking

Islamic Banking is a subset of the banking business that endorses, promotes and allows entrepreneurship, fairness, equality, risk aversion, risk pooling, service charges, and compensation for inflation. In addition, Islamic Banking prohibits without exception; exorbitant profits (usury), interest (riba) and financing of prohibited goods (haram) such as the production of alcohol, pork, etc.

Data Integrity Institute's Goal

Today, there are two very opposite, very radical and very wrong stereotypes about Islamic Banking.

First, there is widespread belief that Islamic capital is mostly kept outside of the flow of world financial markets and that it represents one of the main sources for financing global terrorism.

Second, it is widely believed by Islamic radicals that conventional banking, because of its reliance of interest income that is prohibited in Islam, is a major instrument for exploitation and depletion of the third world. Radical Islam view conventional banking as major source of global poverty and discrimination established and preserved by United States. Consequently, Radical Islam has reached a conclusion that an Islamic Banking is only possible in a society that is fully Islamic.

Data Integrity Institute Inc.'s research shows that both views are highly misguided:

First, Islamic Banking does not allow the financing of any prohibited goods and activities (haram). Terrorism and terrorist acts are strictly prohibited by Islam, so Islamic Banking, by definition, cannot be source for financing such harmful (haram) activities.

Second, if it is possible to sell halal meat in the many non-Islamic countries, such as Canada and the United States, where halal meat is widely available, there is no reason that Islamic Banking should not be offered to the same Islamic population that purchases that meat.

Lets examine the key conditions established for trading halal meat in mostly western, not fully Islamic countries such as Canada and the United States. Naturally, the essential requrement is the full separation of meat processing from the selection of animal for slaughter according to Islamic custom. Each step involved in the processing, packing and selling must be supervised by Islamic authorities. There is no point along the way where halal meat mixes with conventional meat. The Islamic community trusts that in the end it consumes completely halal meat. In addition, society as a whole is not harmed by the trade of halal meat. Even the non-Islamic population can, if it wants to, consume halal meat without any side effects, knowing that it can expect a product of above average quality.

There are many parallels between the trade of halal meat and Islamic Banking. A large Islamic population in non-Islamic countries, such as Canada and the United States, cannot participate in most financial transactions simply because the money flows are associated with interest (riba) or with investment into, by Islamic standards, prohibited activities (haram), such as financing the production of alcohol. In addition, in western countries a credit card if frequently used as an identification tool. For example, if you want to subscribe to phone or internet service, or make a hotel reservation, you are required to have a major credit card, even if you want to pay with cash. Just for the sake of the contract, you are required to have a credit card. If you want to practice Islam, you do not want to have a credit card, but to carry out everyday transaction you have to get one.

The solution is a banking card that is issued by the Islamic Banking sector. This sector that can be established in any major bank and the card can be recognized as every other major credit card. The same applies for any other banking instrument and transaction. The requirement for establishing Islamic Banking is to fully separate all financial flows, from beginning through to the end of the contract. There must be no mix in portfolio with conventional financing. Islamic Banking must provide full separation and such process (of course not personal banking information) has to by approved and monitored by an Islamic authority.

In order to fully separate financial flows for Islamic Banking, all Islamic Banking data must be separated from conventional banking data. This is where Data Integrity Institute's Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking comes into play. The technology behind the Metadata Umbrella was initially developed by Data Integrity Institute for Data Overexposure protection from the Sarbanes – Oxley legislation. This technology is the natural solution for implementing full separation of Islamic Banking data flows from conventional banking data.

Data Integrity Institute's Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking allows any major bank in any country to offer Islamic Banking to serve the financial needs of the Islamic population.

Data Integrity Institute's Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking is a sophisticated metadata application, built on top of the most advanced ASG Rochade metadata server technology. It enables the full separation of data models for Islamic Banking data transactions, data warehouse, data marts, data reporting and all other information from conventional banking data.

Metadata Umbrella

The Metadata Umbrella is Data Integrity Institute's metadata application that fully protects data allowing only controlled predefined access. By solving very complex business problems in an elegant way, the Metadata Umbrella by itself justifies investment into a metadata system.

Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking

The Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking is Data Integrity Institute's metadata application that allows the implementation of fair banking, Islamic Banking, according high Islamic standards and expectations, either in a separate banking system, or as a subsystem of conventional banking. With a Data Integrity Institute Metadata Umbrella for Islamic Banking it is possible to integrate fully compliant Islamic banking into a modern conventional banking systems and offer banking products and services to the Islamic population and businesses.

Subjects in Islamic Banking

Abstractly, Islamic Banking is a business between two active sides, a lender (rabul mal) and a borrower (mudarib), with the possible involvement of a third passive party, a safe keeper (al wadiah). The business purpose of Islamic Banking can be mainly commercial, merchant, and development serving public, corporate and individual aggregated sectors. Islamic Banking builds and keeps Reserve and Insurance Funds for loss absorption and loss compensation. Islamic Banking is regulated and monitored by the Treasury and Central Bank (baitul mal) and the Islamic Council.

Contracts in Islamic Banking

Islamic Banking can operate in Profit and Loss Sharing or Non–Profit Sharing mode.

Profit and Loss Sharing contracts could be:

Partnership (mudaraba)
Equity Participation (musharaka)
Farming Partnership (muzar’ah)
Orchard Equity Participation (musaqat)
Mudaraba Certificates
Government Certificates

Non-Profit Sharing contracts could be:

Cost plus Markup Purchase Sale (murabaha)
Deferred Payment (bai - mua’jjal)
Deferred Delivery (bai - salam)
Loan with Service Charges
Benevolent Loan (qard hasan)
Leasing (ijara)
Account Overdraft
Safekeeping (al wadiah)

Contact Data Integrity Institute Inc.

For further information on how Data Integrity Institute Inc. can help you to implement Islamic Banking or to implement, save or maintain a data integrity project, please send a detailed inquiry to: info@DataIntegrityInstitute.com